Did firms accelerate decarbonization as a result of the 2015 Paris Agreement, particularly in industries where low-carbon options were technologically feasible? This paper challenges optimistic accounts of the Paris Agreement's influence and call for continued efforts to understand the limits of international agreements in driving firm behavior to address climate change.

The variety of topics studied in the field of International Relations contrasts sharply with the relatively anemic theoretical framework that IR scholars use to study those topics. This essay proposes three ordering principles as a framework for teaching and guide for intellectual inquiry: Anarchy, Nature, and Innovation.

The second Trump administration has disrupted global climate politics, turning the United States away from the clean energy and environmental policies of the Biden administration. Consequently, analytical attention is turning to a family of concepts referred to as “Climate Realism” (CR), which favors long-run investments in technology and adaptation over near-term climate mitigation efforts.